Skapa referens, olika format (klipp och klistra)
Harvard
Olsson, E. (2018) CFD Modeling of Wading with Electric Vehicles. Development of a Simulation Method Using OpenFOAM.. Göteborg : Chalmers University of Technology (Master's thesis - Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, nr: 2018:04).
BibTeX
@mastersthesis{
Olsson2018,
author={Olsson, Elin},
title={CFD Modeling of Wading with Electric Vehicles. Development of a Simulation Method Using OpenFOAM.},
abstract={Due to increasing demands on the performance of electric vehicles (EVs), there is a desire
to investigate the impact of tough situations on the vehicle, such as wading through water.
As most previous wading studies are concerned with conventional internal combustion
engine vehicles (ICEVs), automotive manufacturers are striving to expand their knowledge
about wading with EVs. Wading is mainly examined through physical tests, but using
computational
uid dynamics (CFD) for studying vehicle wading can provide a more
rigorous examination as well as reduce cost and time required. One way to further decrease
the cost is to use open source software.
In this study, a method for investigating wading with the open source CFD software
OpenFOAM is developed. The generic DrivAer model is used, modified to resemble a
model of a battery electric vehicle (BEV). The computer aided engineering (CAE) software
ANSA is used for geometry cleanup and hexahedral volume meshing. The numerical
method uses the volume of
uids (VOF) method for multiphase modeling and large eddy
simulation (LES) for turbulence modeling. The study focuses on the water surface topology,
water velocity, water
ow through the engine compartment and forces acting on the car.
Due to stability issues results are only obtained with a simplified vehicle geometry and not
for the BEV model. Validation is done against a similar case in the commercial software
STAR-CCM+. It is found that the results obtained for the water surface and velocity
with the OpenFOAM method are similar to those obtained with STAR-CCM+, but that
the lift forces on the car show large deviations.
To further investigate the effect of wading on EVs, simulations with the more detailed
BEV geometry are conducted using STAR-CCM+. Results show that splashing is absent
at low speed deep water wading, but that engine bay components are still exposed to large
amounts of water. It is also found that the water pressure exerted on the battery pack
and engine bay components at this velocity is insignificant.
It is concluded that the OpenFOAM method shows promising results, but further
investigation of the solver settings is required in order to increase the stability when
using complex geometries. Regarding wading with EVs, it is concluded that the impact
of low speed wading on the vehicle is small. However, as the water ingress in the engine
bay compartment is significant, the components here must be watertight or somehow
protected.},
publisher={Institutionen för mekanik och maritima vetenskaper, Strömningslära, Chalmers tekniska högskola},
place={Göteborg},
year={2018},
series={Master's thesis - Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, no: 2018:04},
keywords={Electric vehicles,Wading, CFD, OpenFOAM, DrivAer, VOF, LES, STAR-CCM+},
}
RefWorks
RT Generic
SR Electronic
ID 254932
A1 Olsson, Elin
T1 CFD Modeling of Wading with Electric Vehicles. Development of a Simulation Method Using OpenFOAM.
YR 2018
AB Due to increasing demands on the performance of electric vehicles (EVs), there is a desire
to investigate the impact of tough situations on the vehicle, such as wading through water.
As most previous wading studies are concerned with conventional internal combustion
engine vehicles (ICEVs), automotive manufacturers are striving to expand their knowledge
about wading with EVs. Wading is mainly examined through physical tests, but using
computational
uid dynamics (CFD) for studying vehicle wading can provide a more
rigorous examination as well as reduce cost and time required. One way to further decrease
the cost is to use open source software.
In this study, a method for investigating wading with the open source CFD software
OpenFOAM is developed. The generic DrivAer model is used, modified to resemble a
model of a battery electric vehicle (BEV). The computer aided engineering (CAE) software
ANSA is used for geometry cleanup and hexahedral volume meshing. The numerical
method uses the volume of
uids (VOF) method for multiphase modeling and large eddy
simulation (LES) for turbulence modeling. The study focuses on the water surface topology,
water velocity, water
ow through the engine compartment and forces acting on the car.
Due to stability issues results are only obtained with a simplified vehicle geometry and not
for the BEV model. Validation is done against a similar case in the commercial software
STAR-CCM+. It is found that the results obtained for the water surface and velocity
with the OpenFOAM method are similar to those obtained with STAR-CCM+, but that
the lift forces on the car show large deviations.
To further investigate the effect of wading on EVs, simulations with the more detailed
BEV geometry are conducted using STAR-CCM+. Results show that splashing is absent
at low speed deep water wading, but that engine bay components are still exposed to large
amounts of water. It is also found that the water pressure exerted on the battery pack
and engine bay components at this velocity is insignificant.
It is concluded that the OpenFOAM method shows promising results, but further
investigation of the solver settings is required in order to increase the stability when
using complex geometries. Regarding wading with EVs, it is concluded that the impact
of low speed wading on the vehicle is small. However, as the water ingress in the engine
bay compartment is significant, the components here must be watertight or somehow
protected.
PB Institutionen för mekanik och maritima vetenskaper, Strömningslära, Chalmers tekniska högskola,
T3 Master's thesis - Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, no: 2018:04
LA eng
LK http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/254932/254932.pdf
OL 30
